By Dylan Gray | 8 Sep 2022

Some reports suggest we are at a crisis point in terms of rental affordability. Other reports suggest that the market is oversupplied with apartment and rental stock. I suggest we are just finding our balance following a tumultuous couple of years under the cloud of Covid. 

Melbourne’s Rental Markets 

Let’s look at Melbourne – the city that was most impacted by Covid induced lockdowns and the impact this had on the various residential rental markets across the city. This is important perspective to help understand what has happened in the market over recent months and that the residential market is made up of many micro-markets.  

Melbourne’s Rental Markets – Unit Median Rent 

Source: Department of Families, Fairness & Housing, Urbis Rental Intelligence Platform

As evident in the above data, it is not appropriate to talk about performance across the whole city, without perspective on the markets within that city. While Greater Melbourne saw a decrease in rents by only $46 per week, Melbourne CBD has seen a $157 per week decrease. To June 2021, this put the CBD at $14 less rent per week than the whole of Greater Melbourne, compared with a $97 per week higher rent pre-Covid. In the latest data, we can see rents are growing again. 

The Urbis Rental Intelligence Platform shows rents are rising as vacancy is tightening back to pre-Covid levels.

Melbourne’s CBD has certainly been hardest hit in terms of performance of the rental market. Given the area is comprised of 75% renters, anything that causes many people to move out of the area (e.g. Covid) will have a significant impact on the rental market. This is reflected by the increase in vacancy rate which shot up by more than three times pre-Covid levels to the highest rate on record. Of course, economics came into play and with the sudden volume of stock on the market and competition between landlords to rent their investments, rents dropped significantly. The rental market is a liquid market. So as quickly as vacancy rose, we saw a rapid drop in rents.

Note that this change in rent is only just starting to show in data from rental bonds (provided by the DFFH), because this is annual data with a lag. To get a live look at what is happening in our market, we need to consider rental data from advertisements. Urbis has access to this data, and we bring it into our Rental Intelligence Platform which allows us, and our Platform Subscribers, to see how monthly rents are performing in buildings and around the city by detailed product type. 

 

Rents in New Apartment Product

So let’s consider a component of the market within one of the micro-markets of Greater Melbourne. This will give us an up to date understanding of rents in apartment product delivered under the Cities Better Apartment Design standards. In other words – what is the performance of product that we want people to be living in as a top tier example of good, healthy design? 

Before Covid, the median rent for an apartment in a newer building within Central Melbourne (CBD, Docklands & Southbank), was just above $600 per week. As of August, you could pick up one of these apartments for the median of $550 per week. Therefore, we are still yet to reach ‘pre-Covid’ rental levels in our central city.

Rents have grown by 37.5% in total since November last year!

Due to the fluidity of the market, rents were as low as a median of $400 per week from mid-2020 at the height of lockdowns, through to the end of last year when we began to see the last of lockdowns. In percentage terms, this growth is greater than the percentage that rents decreased by, which was 33%. Yet, we still have a way to go to reach that $600 per week mark, which would result in growth in rents of 50% since the Covid lows! 

Rental Growth Forecast

This is about to align with a period where we will see population growth significantly increase with nearly 25,000 people over the next five years and the supply of stock diminish, leaving a gap of nearly 2,200 dwellings to meet the needs of all these new people.

Will this growth rate continue? Of course not. We are already seeing the market stabilise and the growth rate drop back to a more sustainable level as driven by the market.

We forecast rents could continue to grow by above 4% per annum over the next few years. This will be spurred on by stock levels that are not up to the level of housing requirement and a broader spectrum of housing that will push the upper rent band. This will be a great outcome for the community with greater diversity of product and diversity of price points in the market. 

We need not over-react to recent growth trends and understand they reflect a market operating as it should. Calm approaches that monitor the situation across markets from various datasets should be taken. I argue that rational conclusions relating to measures focussed on the supply of stock need to be considered more than demand side policy or price manipulation strategies. Our residential market is maturing with new types of stock such as BTR in its many forms. These projects are in essence developments of the community, and it is a sense of community and togetherness alongside relative equity that got us through the pandemic. So, let’s not add more barriers to pioneers of the BTR space, and the residential market more broadly. Rather, let them build with quality planning outcomes and allow the market to balance itself. 

Watch out for my next article where I will discuss the importance of rental housing that is affordable and the market depth segments requiring affordable housing, at market, and premium product.